Bag fillers are widely used in high-emission industries such as steel and cement by virtue of their high dust removal efficiency and large air volume. However,excessive dust emissions caused by filter bags breakage have become a major risk point that triggers environmental downtime and causes economic losses. Existing research and practice show that improper setting of ash cleaning parameters and abnormal operating conditions are important triggers for bag breakage. To this end,first,the internal mechanisms of dust cleaning methods and filter bags breakage are analyzed. Then,the evolution of bag breakage detection and localization technologies is systematically reviewed:from traditional manual inspections, differential pressure monitoring, and dust concentration monitoring, to the development of time-reversal combined technologies,as well as intelligent recognition technologies of image-based and distributed optical fiber. By comparing the applicable scenarios and limitations of various technologies,it aims to provide a theoretical basis for early warning and accurate positioning of bag breakage risks in industrial sites,and provide a reference for enterprises’ operation and maintenance decisions and technology selection