As a high-quality raw material for ironmaking in blast furmace,the pellet has significantly lower energy consumption and pollutant emissions in production processes compared to the sinter. The method using high-proportion pellet for smelting in blast furnaces has becomeoneof the primary methods for energysaving andemission reductioninthe ironmaking process.Tostudy the effectof pelletratioon thematerial flow,energyflow,and carbon footprintduring smelting in blast furnace,in this paper a blast furnace energy-mass calculation model and a full life cycle carbon footprint assessment model was built to analyze the effects of different pellet ratios on energy flow,carbon flow,iron flow,process parameters,and full life cycle CO₂ emissions. The results show that when the pellet ratio increases to 50,the coke rate,flux consumption,and slag volume all decrease,while the blast volume and furnace top gas volume are reduced. The heat released by carbon combustion in front of the tuyere decreases from 2 667.89 MJ/t to 2 513.32 MJ/t,the heat carried away by slag decreases from 621.69 MJ/t to 466.56 MJ/t,and the heat consumed by direct reduction increases from 1 107.67 MJ/t to 1 287.23 MJ/t. Carbon revenue decreases while iron revenue remains stable,the direct reduction degree slightly increases, and the theoretical combustion temperature shows a decreasing tendency. As the pellet proportion increases from 20% to 50%,the full life cycle CO₂emissions decrease from1 785.4 kg/t to 1669.2 kg/t,with a reduction about 6.5%.