During the 15th Five-Year Plan period，the carbon market system will be further improved，and the “Dual Carbon”goal is still an important issue that the steel industry needs to pay attention to. The gas-based DRI-electric furnace process is a key technology for producing“green steel”and reducing carbon emissions，but there are three constraints: First，high-grade ore must be used; Second，it is very difficult to control nitrogen in electric furnace steelmaking，which makes it difficult to produce high-end steel grades; Third，China’s iron and steel production is dominated by long processes，which are transformed into short processes of electric furnaces，which will lead to idle and waste of long-process equipment that has been built，not conducive to the optimal allocation of industrial resources. The development status of gas-based direct reduction ironmaking，various iron ore smelting separation processes and smelting separation furnaces is analyzed in detail; and it is believed that the green and low-carbon smelting process of gas-based DRI-smelting separationconverter for medium-grade ores cannot only give full play to the green and low-carbon advantages of hydrogen metallurgy， but also benefit the existing large number of converters in old iron and steel plants，thereby reducing the equipment transformation cost of steel plants，and inheriting the production experience of converters. The smelting of converter steel has great flexibility and scope of application in terms of final products，low energy consumption and high added value of products. The green and low-carbon smelting separation process of DRI-smelting separation-converter is suitable as the direction of green and low-carbon transformation of China’s iron and steel enterprises，and is a new path for the industry to reduce carbon emissions.