Low-carbon green development is an important way to promote the transformation and upgrading of the iron and steel industry. China’s steel production is mainly based on the long process of “sintering-blast furnace-converter”, and it is difficult to be replaced in the short term. Carbon emissions from sintering and blast furnace processes account for more than 80% of the total emissions of the iron and steel industry, which is a key link in the low-carbon and green development of the iron and steel industry. The R&D and application status of key technologies such as low-carbon sintering, low-carbon pelletizing and new charge are systematically introduced, and the important role of low-carbon charge preparation technology in pollution and carbon reduction is deeply expounded. Focusing on the green and low-carbon development of blast furnace smelting process, the technical effects of reducing carbon consumption and improving smelting level of blast furnace process are discussed from multiple dimensions such as air temperature, oxygen-rich, hydrogen-rich gas and biomass injection. In addition, the development statuses of non-blast furnace ironmaking technologies such as gas-based direct reduction and melt reduction at home and abroad are compared and analyzed, which provides important references for the green development and transformation and upgrading of the iron and steel industry.