The synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy micro-analysis (μXRF) is used to perform multi-element analysis of iion ore sintering dust, and the characteristic peak intensities of 16 elements, including Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, As, Hg, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ca, F, S, Cl, are obtained, and two-dimensional spatial distribution map of the relative intensity of each element is constructed separately. Principal component analysis (PCA) is used to classify the selected elements in dimensionality reduction; therefore, the difficulty of analyzing the distribution characteristics of each element by using the principle of correlation separation is reduced. It is found out that a strong correlation exists between some elements, the correlation coefficient between Fe and Mn in the first principal component reaches 0.807, and the correlation coefficient between Cu, Zn and As in the second principal component is between 0.651 ~ 0.664. According to the linear correlation between elements, the relationship between macro elements and trace elements can be established, and it is expected to predict the distribution characteristics of the main valuable elements and toxic elements in sintering dust, which can provide references for the analysis of trace elements in iron ore sintering dust.