Taking the iron ore commonly used in Angang as the research object, the ore phase structure and assimilation performance of iron ore are studied by polarizing microscope and basic characteristic measuring instrument of iron ore under high-temperature. The factors affecting the assimilation performance of iron ore are analyzed from the ore phase structure and chemical composition, and the sintering ore matching optimization is carried out. The results show that the assimilation of iron ore is closely related to the its ore phase structure; the assimilation performance of iron ore is positively related to its burning loss value, the greater the burning loss, the better the assimilation performance. In the iron ore, the higher the mass fraction of SiO₂, the lower the assimilation temperature and the better the assimilation performance of the iron ore. When the mass fraction of MgO in the iron ore is high, the iron ore assimilation performance will be deteriorated. The effect of Al₂O₃ mass fraction on iron ore assimilation varies by ore type. After the ore matching optimization, the assimilation temperature of the mixed ore is within the appropriate assimilation range, the sintering yield and the drum strength are increased by 1.33% and 1.98%, respectively, and the metallurgical performance indicators of the sinter are improved.