In order to improve the crushing performance of the vibration crusher, considering the special-shaped characteristics of the ore and its internal mechanical characteristics, the three-dimensional reverse modeling technology is used to obtain the cloud point data of three typical shapes of tungsten ore, and the geometric and mechanical model of the special-shaped multi-level cohesive particles is constructed; the simulation analysis of the working process of the crusher is carried out by using the discrete element software EDEM, and the combinational design of quadratic regression orthogonal rotation is adopted, the multiple regression model and response surface of the crushing performance evaluation index are established, and the parameters of the test results are optimized. The results show that when the outer cone speed is 46.5 r/min, the inner cone vibration frequency is 42.8 Hz and the feeding speed is 72.6 kg/s, the crushing performance of the vibration crusher is the best. The actual crushing test results show that there is a certain deviation between the simulation test results and the actual test results, but the changing trend and the size relationship between them are basically the same, which shows the reliability of the particle model and the feasibility of using the discrete element method to optimize the crushing performance performance of the vibration crusher.